摩擦学的三个公理

讨论了摩擦学发展中存在的问题，指出作为一门非常重要的应用基础学科，摩擦学在继承摩擦、磨损和润滑几千年来积累起来的理论成果和应用成果的基础上，没有建立与摩擦、磨损和润滑相比有所发展且与自身的定义和性质相适应并可以支持自身独立发展的理论体系和方法体系，提出摩擦学中存在3个基本公理：即第一公理——摩擦学行为是系统依赖的；第二公理——摩擦学元素的特性是时间依赖的；第三公理——摩擦学行为是多个学科行为之间强耦合的结果，由这些公理可以推导出一系列定理和相应的系，同时还讨论了用系统的状态方程和输出方程描述含有摩擦副的系统的特性的方法，并给出了应用举例。

Three Axioms in Tribology

The importance,undesired situation of development of tribology and the reasons are described. Problems come from insufficient study on the theory system and method system in tribology, which can match the definition and nature of tribology and can support an independent development of tribology. Since 1966 the methodology of investigating tribology has not been improved from that for investigating friction, wear and lubrication of a single tribo pair. It is found that there are three axioms in tribology. They are discussed in detail in connection with examples. Namely,axiom I:the tribological behavior is system dependent that single surfaces or medium substance cannot realize any tribological behavior;axiom II:The property of tribo elements and the systems with tribo elements are time dependent;axiom III: Tribological behaviors are the results of strong coupling of many behaviors of other disciplines, such as mechanics, chemistry, heat transfer, material science, electronics and theory of control. Tribology is the science, which provides theories and technology to describe and control the pattern of coupling between behaviors under tribological condition. No other discipline can meet such a need. A series of theories and lemmas has been deduced from the axioms. It has also been suggested that the state equations and output equations, which are familiar in control engineering can be used to describe the property of a tribo system. It is expected that the axioms,theories, lemmas, concepts and methods given could be used as guidance in establishing the theory system and method system of tribology.