机械密封热力耦合有限元模型与密封性能分析

以接触式机械密封为研究对象,考虑密封环的热力变形和液膜温度、厚度等的耦合关系,建立了二维轴对称热力耦合计算模型,采用有限元与数值迭代技术实现了模型的数值解算,研究了密封端面热力变形规律,分析了不同密封压力下的密封性能.结果表明:热力耦合变形作用下,端面形成收敛型泄漏间隙,最小膜厚位于端面内靠近内径侧位置,最高温度位于最小膜厚处;随密封压力的增大,端面最小膜厚减小,端面最大温升、摩擦扭矩和泄漏率相应增大.采用的模型和计算方法可用于海洋装备用机械密封结构的优化设计.

Thermal-Mechanical Coupled Finite Element Model and Seal Performance Analysis of Mechanical Seals

Aiming at the contacting mechanical seals, a two-dimensional axisymmetric thermal-mechanical coupled model was established by taking into consideration the coupling relation between the thermal-mechanical deformation, the temperature and the thickness of fluid film. A combined finite element method and iteration strategy were used to solve the physical model. The mechanical-thermal deformation of end faces was investigated as well as the sealing performance under different seal pressures. Numerical results show that a convergent seal gap was formed between the seal rings due to the mechanical-thermal deformation. The minimum film thickness and the maximum temperature rise located at the seal interface near to the inner radius site. With the increase of seal pressures of mechanical seals, the minimum film thickness decreased and the maximum temperature rose, friction torque and leakage rate increased. The numerical model and computational method can be applied to design optimal mechanical seals for the equipment in ocean.