清水介质条件下天然橡胶磨损45#钢的机理研究

为了提高流体机械和石油机械中橡胶－金属摩擦副的使用寿命，针对目前人们大都只着眼于改善橡胶耐磨性的现状，对清水介质条件下天然橡胶磨损４５＃钢的机理进行了研究．用扫描电子显微镜和Ｘ射线光电子能谱仪，对天然橡胶和４５＃钢表面磨损前后的微观形貌、元素的组成和结合能进行了分析，用傅立叶表面红外分析仪分析了天然橡胶磨损前后表面官能团的变化．结果表明：在给定的试验条件下，天然橡胶磨损４５＃钢的物理过程主要是滞留在摩擦表面的铁屑和添加剂颗粒对钢的微切削作用；摩擦界面发生的力化学反应主要有橡胶表面的分子链力裂解和氧化降解，橡胶大分子自由基与Ｆｅ反应生成Ｆｅ－高分子化合物，橡胶大分子链中的羧基与Ｆｅ的反应，以及Ｆｅ的氧化反应．橡胶磨损４５＃钢的过程是Ｆｅ与橡胶及介质之间发生力化学反应在４５＃钢表面形成化学反应膜，反应膜在微切削作用下脱落造成钢的磨损．这种磨损机理主要属于摩擦界面材料的化学－力学自催化破坏机理

Study on Mechanisms of Wear of 45 # Steel by Natural Rubber in Water Medium

The rubber metal tribo couples have been widely used in a number of hydromachines and oil field equipment, in order to prolong the service life of these couples,researchers have paid much attention to improving the wear resistance of the rubber but ignored the wear of metal by rubber. Theoretical and experimental approches to date left a great member of questions unanswered,therefore here described is the initial study on mechanisms of wear of metal by natural rubber in the water medium. The surface profile.elements constitutions and binding energies of metal and rubber surfaces have been analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The functional groups of natural rubber surfaces have been analyzed by using fouriey transform infrared spectrometer(FT IR).It has been found that the physical process of wear is mainly microcutting action of the wear debris and the particles of the additive.As for the surfacial chemical effects could be summarized as follows: (1) Mechanical rupture of rubber macromolecular chains; (2) Oxidative degradation of natural rubber surface; (3) The metal polymer compound which remains on the metal surface is produced due to the mechanochemical reaction between metal and rubber; (4) Reaction between carboxylic acid groups and metal; (5) Corrosion of metal induced by the water medium.The process of rubber wearing metal can be divided into two stages: (1) The mechanochemical reaction among metal, rubber and medium forms a layer of chemical reaction film of the metal surface; (2) The chemical reaction film being peeled off by the action of microcutting leads to the wear of metal.It has been concluded that the wear mechanisms of metal by rubber might be mainly attributed to the chemistry mechanics self catalytic destruction mechanism of metal being rubbed by natural rubber.