非稳态载荷下轮轨滚动接触及其钢轨波磨研究

利用有限元法,考虑材料反复滚压条件下棘轮效应和局部滑动的影响,研究了非稳态机车和车辆车轮载荷作用下轮轨滚动接触的弹塑性应力、应变和变形,进而分析了塑性流动型钢轨波浪形磨损的形成和发展过程以及波谷和波峰处材料的力学行为.结果表明:在非稳态载荷作用下,钢轨接触表面产生不均匀塑性变形引起的波磨,波磨发展速率呈衰减趋势,最终趋于稳定状态;在相同载荷下,与车辆车轮相比,机车车轮对钢轨波磨影响较大;波谷处的残余应力、应变和变形大于波峰处.

Analysis of Rolling Contact and Rail Corrugation under Non-steady State Loading

Elastic-plastic stress, strain and deformation for wheel-rail rolling contact under the non-steady state locomotive and vehicle wheel loading were simulated by finite element method with consideration of material ratcheting effect and effect of partial slip. Based on the simulation, the initiation and development of rail corrugation due to plastic deformation were analyzed. Material performance such as stress, strain and plastic flow rate under the trough and crest of rail corrugation were compared. The results show that rail corrugation was formed due to the uneven plastic deformation of rail running surface under the action of the non-steady state loading. The rate of rail corrugation decreased until the wave depth reached a stabilized value finally. The partial slip condition has a significant influence on rail corrugation. Under the condition of the same loading conditions, the locomotive wheel had a greater effect on plastic deformation induced rail corrugation than the vehicle wheel did. The residual stress, strain and deformation near the trough were higher than those near the crest.