基于初始位置的高速公路快速地图匹配算法

针对车辆行驶在高速公路过程中,传统地图匹配算法存在大量冗余检索时间,且消除垂直误差后仍存在水平误差等问题,设计了一种基于初始定位信息的快速地图匹配算法。该算法首先利用初始定位点到候选路段的距离与夹角确定车辆所行驶道路,然后考虑道路网拓扑结构和连通性,将后续定位点直接投影到初始确定的道路上,减少检索道路的时间;同时为提高算法的精确度,在引用初始定位信息时,通过设置距离阈值剔除定位数据漂移点,并利用一元线性方程建立HP模型以消除水平误差。经理论计算和实际测试表明,该算法利用初始获得的7个连续定位点,能准确检索出车辆正在行驶的道路,节省36%的检索时间,借助HP模型可以减少定位点与车辆实际位置之间45%的投影误差。因此,与连续匹配算法和垂直投影方式相比,该算法具有检索过程简单、检索准确率高、误差消除大的优势。

Fast map-matching algorithm for highway based on initial position

The traditional map-matching algorithms have large amount of redundant retrieval time, and the horizontal error still exists after eliminating the vertical error. To solve these problems, a fast map-matching algorithm based on initial location information is designed for the vehicle traveling in the expressway. First, the algorithm uses the distance and the angle between the initial positioning point and the candidate road section to determine the vehicle's running road. Then, considering the road network topology and connec- tivity, the subsequent positioning point is directly projected onto the initial determined road to reduce the time of searching the road. In order to improve the accuracy of the algorithm, when the initial location information is referenced, the drifting data is removed by setting the distance threshold, and the HP model is established by using the univariate linear equation to eliminate the horizontal error. Theoretical calculation and actual test show that, the proposed algorithm can accurately retrieve the road where the vehicle is traveling and save 36％ of the retrieval time by using the seven consecutive positioning points, and the HP model can reduce 45％ of the projection error between the positioning point and the actual position of the vehicle. Compared with traditional map-matching algorithms, the proposed algorithm has the advantages of simple retrieval process, high retrieval accuracy, and significant reduction of horizontal error.