单基线GPS动态航向测量与误差分析

针对GPS天线安装偏差在动态、实时情况下导致测量设备空间参考基准不一致,进而产生GPS航向测量误差的问题,采用空间投影的方法,分析了船体纵横摇、GPS天线高程差、方位偏差、GPS测量基线长和基座高程差等因素对GPS航向的影响,推导了GPS动态航向测量模型的误差补偿方程。仿真结果表明,方位偏差和船体横摇角分别是舰船静态和动态情况下GPS航向测量误差的主要影响因素。以某型高精度INS导航参数为基准,对GPS实测数据进行评估,试验结果表明,误差补偿后的GPS航向与INS航向的差值在均值统计上相差0.001°,证实了补偿模型提高GPS航向测量精度的有效性。

Error analysis of GPS-based single baseline dynamitic heading measurement

To reduce the GPS heading measurement error caused by GPS antennas installation, a method based on space projection is presented. The error compensation equations of GPS dynamic measurement model are derived. The factors that influence the heading correction of GPS are analyzed, such as the vessel's pitch and roll, the baseline length, the azimuth deviation, and the altitude difference. The simulation results show that the azimuth deviation and the vessel's roll are the main factors that influence the GPS course measuring error. Based on the equations, the paper evaluates the GPS measured value in real time by the navigation parameters of a high-accuracy INS, and the difference between the GPS course after-compensation and the INS course is 0.001°. The experiment results verify the effectiveness of the compensation model.