结构健康监测系统中传感器优化布置组合算法

在对结构健康监测中的传感器优化布置方法进行调研和总结的基础上,针对薄板、壳结构开展传感器优化布置的研究.提出了一种有效的传感器优化布置组合算法,由模态动能法、模态保证准则、遗传算法组合而成.该方法所得的传感器位置主要位于动态响应比较大区域,有利于提高信噪比;同时能够有效地保证模态振型的独立性,可以较完整地获得结构模态信息.针对这种组合算法的有效性采用简易机翼模型从数值计算和实验两方面进行了验证.

COMBINATORIAL OPTIMAL ALGORITHM FOR SENSOR ARRANGEMENT IN STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM

In this paper,we present an effective optimization method of sensor arrangement for monitoring the dynamic response of thin flexible structures like plates and shells.The proposed method consists of genetic algorithm,modal kinetic energy and modal assurance criterion.A simplified wing structure is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the method.The numerical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed optimization algorithm can be used to determine effectively sensor arrangements.Firstly,the modal kinetic energy algorithm is used to catch the degree of freedom of the dynamic response of the structure with a large amplitude,and effectively improves the signal-noise ratio during the health monitoring.Secondly,the combination of genetic algorithm and modal assurance criterion can effectively ensure the independence of modal shapes,and provide more modal information of the structure,such as the modal frequency and the modal shape.The damage detection and the estimation of the residual life are more accurate and effective by using the proposed optimization method.