金属结构材料腐蚀疲劳寿命预测模型的研究进展

腐蚀疲劳是工业装备的主要失效模式之一.随着新技术的不断发展，航空航天、轨道交通、海洋设施等重大装备向着高可靠性、长寿命及智能化方向发展，亟需准确、高效的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测方法.论文对金属材料的腐蚀疲劳损伤机理进行了简要总结并对寿命预测模型进行了系统归纳与评述，提出未来的研究趋势与方向.具体地，首先介绍了腐蚀坑的萌生和生长、裂纹萌生及扩展的机理；其次总结了预腐蚀疲劳的断裂力学及损伤力学寿命预测模型，再次归纳了腐蚀疲劳的断裂力学、损伤力学及数据驱动寿命预测模型；进一步地，综合概括了现有寿命预测模型的优点和不足；最后，基于当前的研究指出未来可能的发展方向，一方面可以借助三维成像技术实现蚀坑向裂纹转变阶段和短裂纹扩展阶段的可视化研究，以改进现有的断裂力学模型；另一方面可以建立新型的多尺度多阶段寿命预测模型或利用新兴的数据驱动-物理融合方法实现腐蚀疲劳寿命预测.

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON CORROSION FATIGUE LIFE MODELS OF METAL STRUCTURAL MATERIALS

Corrosion fatigue is one of the key failure modes in modern industrial equipments. With the continuous development of new technology, equipments in aerospace, rail transit and offshore are becoming more and more high reliability, long life and intelligence. Therefore, an urgent need is required for predicting corrosion fatigue life accuratly and efficiently. In this paper, the corrosion fatigue damage mechanism and life prediction models for pre-corroded fatigue and corrosion fatigue are summarized and commented systematically. Meanwhile, the prospective research directions are proposed. Firstly, the corrosion fatigue failure mechanism and its characterization methods are briefly summarized involving the evolution of corrosion pit, crack initiation and crack propagation. Secondly, the single crack and multi cracks hypothesis based on traditional fracture mechanics models of pre-corroded fatigue are elaborated. The fatigue life prediction models of pre-corroded simple parts based on damage mechanics are also summarized. Those methods are similar to the conventional fatigue life prediction methods for defective components. Additionally, for corrosion fatigue, the different stages based on fracture mechanics models are reviewed. And several quantifying damage dynamically representive corrosion fatigue damage mechanics models are presented. Thirdly, the more efficient data-driven models of corrosion fatigue are thoroughly analyzed. And the advantages and disadvantages of existing models are generalized. At last, based on the current research status, the possible development directions in the future are prospected. It is necessary to realize the visualization research of pit to crack transition stage and short crack propagation process by means of 3D imaging technology and so as to further improve the existing fracture mechanics models of corrosion fatigue. It is suggested to establish a new multi-scale and multi-stage life prediction model with corresponding failure stage correlation. In addition it is important to point out that the new data-driven physical fusion method is a new development direction to predict corrosion fatigue life.