自然冷却和遇水冷却后高温花岗岩力-声特性试验研究

以松辽盆地露天花岗岩为研究对象，对自然冷却和遇水冷却后高温花岗岩进行单轴压、拉和声波测定试验。研究不同方式冷却后花岗岩温度（100℃、200℃、300℃、400℃、500℃、600℃、700℃、800℃，以下简称100℃-800℃）与表观形态、纵、横波波速、弹性模量、泊松比、抗压强度、抗拉强度间关系，并将纵、横波波速与抗压强度、弹性模量建立联系。同时考虑遇水冷却后静置过程对花岗岩力-声性质影响。研究表明：（1）静置0h-2h是质量损失、纵波波速下降主要时段，静置6h后变化率可以忽略；自由水损失量与力-声特性损失量存在一定线性关系；（2）温度升高，自然冷却后花岗岩纵、横波波速、弹性模量、抗压强度、抗拉强度呈线型下降，遇水冷却后呈凹线型下降；高于300℃，自然冷却后花岗岩力-声参数均大于遇水冷却，泊松比变化率与其相反，600℃时冷却方式不同对花岗岩纵、横波波速、弹性模量、抗压强度影响达到最大，遇水冷却比自然冷却分别低33.33%、31.88%、53.33%、31.74%，700℃-800℃时冷却方式对花岗岩力声特性影响减小；（3）温度变化，花岗岩纵、横波波速与抗压强度、弹性模量呈良好相关性。所得结论可以提高花岗岩力-声特性测量准确性，为力学特性预测提供一个可行方法，并为岩体工程安全稳定性评估提供依据。

Experimental study on mechanical and acoustic characteristics of high temperature granite after natural cooling and water cooling

Taking open granite in Songliao Basin as study object, uniaxial compression, uniaxial tensile and acoustic tests of the high temperature granite after natural cooling and water cooling are carried out. The relationship between granite temperature (100℃, 200℃, 300℃, 400℃, 500℃, 600℃, 700℃, 800℃, hereinafter referred to as 100℃-800℃) and superficial morphology, longitudinal and transverse wave velocity, elastic modulus, poisson's ratio, compressive strength and tensile strength after cooling in different ways is studied. Moreover, the relationship between longitudinal and transverse wave velocity and compressive strength and elastic modulus was established. Meanwhile, the influence of static setting process on the mechanical-acoustic properties of granite after water cooling is considered. Researches show that: (1) The mass and longitudinal wave velocity decreases mainly during the period of standing 0-2h, while the change rate after 6h is negligible. There is a linear relationship between the amount of free water loss and the amount of mechanical-acoustic characteristic loss. (2) With the increase of temperature, the longitudinal and transverse wave velocity, elastic modulus, compressive strength and tensile strength of granite decline linearly after natural cooling, while they descend in a concave pattern after water cooling. When the temperature is higher than 300℃, the mechanical-acoustic parameters of granite after natural cooling are all greater than that under water cooling, while the change rate of poisson's ratio is opposite. At 600℃, the influence of different cooling methods on the longitudinal and transverse wave velocity, elastic modulus and compressive strength of granite reached the maximum, and water-cooling was 33.33%, 31.88%, 53.33% and 31.74% lower than that of natural cooling, respectively. At 700℃-800℃, the influence of cooling method on the mechanical and acoustic characteristics of granite decreases. (3) With the increase of temperature, the relationships among longitudinal and transverse wave velocities, compressive strength and elastic modulus of granite demonstrate good correlations. The conclusions can improve the accuracy of measurement of mechanical-acoustic characteristics of granite, which will provide a feasible method for prediction of mechanical properties and provide basis for evaluation of safety and stability of geotechnical engineering.