自旋电子学简介及其研究进展

自旋电子学主要研究电子自旋在固体物理中的作用,是一门结合磁学与微电子学的交叉学科,其研究对象包括电子的自旋极化、自旋相关散射、自旋弛豫以及与此相关的性质及其应用等.基于电子自旋的自旋电子器件能够大大提高信息处理速度和存储密度,而且具有非易失性、低能耗等优点.简单介绍了自旋电子学的概念及其研究内容,综述了自旋电子学目前的研究及应用进展.

Brief introduction to spintronics and its development of study

Spintronics refers to the study of the role played by electron spin in solid state physics.It is a new emerging field of basic and applied research in physics and engineering where neglected magnetic degree of freedom of an electron,which concerns spin polarization,spin relaxation,and corresponding applications of the electrons.Spintronics device by either adding the spin degree of freedom to conventional charge-based electronic devices or using the spin alone has the potential advantages of increased data processing speed and integration densities compared with the conventional semiconductor devices,nonvolatility,and decreased electric power consumption.In this paper,spintronics in combination with spin-valve sandwich,magnetic tunneling junction,and semiconductor spin electronics are briefly introduced;furthermore,its current development and applications are reviewed.