熵的一种通俗教法

熵如力、能量和动量一样是物理学中一个重要概念,若能用一种通俗易懂的方法设计熵的教学,对文科物理的教学有重要意义.为此本文提出了一种通俗的熵的教法,这一教法不需要学生学习热力学第二定律也可以建立熵的概念.具体教学设计如下:通过日常生活例子引入熵的概念(也就是玻尔兹曼熵),设计两个例子让学生会计算熵,通过具体问题的讨论让学生充分理解熵的意义,通过一个实例由玻尔兹曼熵引入克劳修斯熵公式,设计一个演示实验强化教学效果,将熵与环境保护联系起来融入人文情怀,最后还强调了熵计算的不同层次.教学设计完全采用基于问题学习(PBL)的教学模式.

An easy-to-understand teaching method about entropy

The entropy, like force, energy and momentum, is an important concept in physics. If a simple and understandable method could be designed, it is useful for teaching physics for liberal arts. In this paper, an easy-to-understand teaching method about the entropy is proposed. Therefore, the concept of entropy can be taught without the needing for students to learn the second law of thermodynamics. The corresponding teaching design is as follows: introducing the concept of entropy(namely, Boltzmann entropy) through daily life examples, designing two examples for students to calculate the entropy, making students fully understand the meaning of entropy through discussion on specific problems, obtaining the Clausius entropy from Boltzmann entropy through an example, designing an entropy demonstration experiment to strengthen teaching effect, and connecting the entropy with environmental protection to make physics humanistic, and finally specifying the different levels of entropy calculation. Problem-based learning(PBL) is adopted in the teaching design.