Superheavy element chemistry at GSI – status and perspectives |
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Authors: | M Schädel |
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Institution: | (1) Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH, Planckstr. 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany |
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Abstract: | Superheavy elements have been synthesized and chemically
characterized one-atom-at-a-time up to element 108. Presently, the quest for
identification and investigation of element 112 is one of the hottest topics
in this field. The transactinide elements 104 to 108 are members of group 4
to 8 of the periodic table and element 112 belongs into group 12. For some
of these elements detailed chemical properties have been revealed which show
stunning deviations from simple extrapolations within their respective group
while others exhibit great similarities with their lighter homologues. All
presently known chemical properties of seaborgium (Sg, element 106) — the
heaviest element whose behavior was investigated in aqueous solution — and
hassium (Hs, element 108) were obtained in experiments performed at the GSI
in large international collaborations. Recently, the highly efficient and
very clean separation of Hs was applied for nuclear studies of various Hs
nuclides investigating their cross section and their nuclear decay
properties in the region of the N=162 neutron shell. To overcome certain
limitations of the presently used on-line chemical separations the new
TransActinide Separator and Chemistry
Apparatus (TASCA) — with a gas-filled recoil separator as
a front-end tool — was designed and built at the GSI in a collaborative
effort. Presently in its commissioning phase, TASCA shall be a key
instrument for a big leap into quantitatively and qualitatively new
experiments in the region of superheavy elements. |
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Keywords: | 27 90 +b $220\leqslant A$ 25 70 -z Low and intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions 25 70 Jj Fusion and fusion-fission reactions 23 60 +e Alpha decay |
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