Behavior of a quantum particle in contact with a classical heat bath |
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Authors: | P. Nielaba J. L. Lebowitz H. Spohn J. L. Vallés |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Mathematics, Rutgers University, 08903 New Brunswick, New Jersey;(2) Department of Physics, Rutgers University, 08903 New Brunswick, New Jersey;(3) Theoretische Physik, Universität München, Munich, Federal Republic of Germany;(4) ITP, 93106 Santa Barbara, California;(5) Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, 10012 New York, New York |
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Abstract: | We investigate the behavior of a two-level quantum system in contact with a classical heat bath, e.g., a solute particle with internal degrees of freedom immersed in a solvent of massive particles. Using a combination of analytical and numerical methods, we obtain precise information about localization, time-displaced correlation functions, and the frequency-dependent susceptibility of such solute particles. We find that these quantities can have a strong dependence on the density of the solvent fluid, with the maximum changes from the behavior of the corresponding isolated quantum system occurring in many cases at very low densities. We compare the exact results with those obtained by path integral Monte Carlo. There is good agreement with the imaginary time correlations, but analytic continuation to real time proves elusive: even with the best numerical data on the former, we can only get very gross features of the latter. |
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Keywords: | Quantum particle classical bath two-level approximation real-time correlation functions frequency shift path integral Monte Carlo analytic continuation |
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