Enhanced photocatalytic performance of TiO2 particles via effect of anatase–rutile ratio |
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| Institution: | 1. Centre of Excellence for Innovation and Technology for Water Treatment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;2. Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;3. Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;4. Center of Excellence for Environmental Health and Toxicology, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;1. Kuang-Chi Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518057, China;2. A.A. Galkin Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering of National Academy of Sciences, 83114 Donetsk, Ukraine;1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Shahrekord University, P. O. Box 115, Shahrekord, Iran;2. Nanotechnology Research Center, Shahrekord University, 8818634141 Shahrekord, Iran;1. Institute of Magnetism, 36b Vernadsky Ave., Kyiv 03142, Ukraine;2. Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) and School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland |
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| Abstract: | In the present work anatase–rutile transformation temperature and its effect on physical/chemical properties as well as photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles were investigated. The characterisation of the synthesised and annealed TiO2 particles were determined by X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis (BET). The refraction in the ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) range was assessed using a dual-beam spectrophotometer. The photocatalytic performance of the particles was tested on methylene blue solution. The XRD data indicated that the percentage of rutile increased with the annealing temperature and almost 100% of anatase transformed to rutile at 1000 °C. In addition, the phase transformation was a linear function of annealing temperature so phase composition of TiO2 can be controlled by changing the annealing temperature. The SEM and BET results presented the increase of agglomerate size and the decrease of specific surface area with the increasing annealing temperature. This proved that anatase has smaller particle size and higher surface area than rutile. The photocatalytic activity of the annealed TiO2 powders reduced with the increase of annealing temperature. The samples annealed at 900 °C and 925 °C with anatase: rutile ratio of 92:8 and 77:23, respectively, showed the best activity. These results suggested that the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 particles is a function of phase composition. Thus it can be enhanced by changing its phase composition which can be controlled by annealing temperature. |
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| Keywords: | Titanium dioxide Anatase Rutile Phase transformation Photocatalytic |
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