圈养宽吻海豚自由游动状态和训练期间通讯信号比较研究

根据频率特性对圈养宽吻海豚(Tursiops truncatus)在自由游动和训练两种实验条件下的声通讯信号进行分类,并利用双尾t检验统计分析方法对两种条件下的信号声谱参数进行统计比较。结果显示,宽吻海豚在自由状态下通讯信号的种类多并以正弦型为主,而训练期间的通讯信号则大多数为上扫频类。此外,统计分析表明起始频率不能反映这两种状态的不同(p=0.22)。结束频率、最小频率、最大频率、频率变化量、拐点数、环形数、阶数、波形数和周期等则显示了两种状态显著的差异性(p＜0.05)。结果为今后海豚声行为研究提供一定的科学参考和基础。 

Comparison study on whistle characteristics of captive bottlenose dolphins(Tursiops truncatus) during swimming and under training

This study compared the whistles recorded from captive bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) under two different experimental conditions (swimming and training) based on the signals' frequency characteristics, and the t-test was applied for statistical analysis. The results showed that most of the signals were the sine category when the dolphins were in swimming, however, they became the upsweep category when the dolphins were received training. Furthermore, the statistical analysis indicated that the beginning frequency might not reflect the significant difference between these two experimental conditions (p=0.22), however, the ending frequency, minimum frequency, maximum frequency, frequency variation, number of turns, number of loops, number of steps, number of waves, and duration all showed the significant differences between the two experimental conditions (p＜0.05). The results may be valuable for further study on dolphin acoustics under different biological behaviors.