深海脉冲信号簇到达结构特征及其在水下声源定位中的应用

为了实现对深海水下声源的定位,对典型深海环境中的脉冲信号到达结构特征进行了理论分析,给出了声源和接收位置位于近海面时到达信号的簇信号形式近似表达式。当声源和接收位置处于近海面深度时,接收到的信号呈簇状结构形式。在提取到达信号中各簇信号到达时间、幅值等特征参数的基础上,提出了一种通过对到达信号中簇信号特征参数匹配搜索进行水下脉冲信号定位的方法,仿真分析了不同距离和不同深度处的簇信号特征,并利用一次南海海域爆炸声源的声传播实验数据进行了实验验证。结果表明:各簇信号对应的到达时间、幅值等特征参数可用于对声源位置的匹配定位;海上实验中利用单水听器得到的水下声源的距离估计结果与实测距离结果较为一致,对实验中2.0 km至90.4 km内声源的距离估计误差不大于8%。 

Localization of underwater sound source using the characteristics of pulse cluster signal arrivals in deep sea

In order to localize the underwater sound source in deep sea,the arrival structure characteristics of active signals radiated by near-surface sources are analyzed.The approximate expressions of the amplitudes and the arrival times of cluster signals are given.Generally,the arrival signal at the receiver is in a cluster structure when the source and the receiver are near the sea surface.On the basis of extraction of the arrival time and the amplitude of each cluster signal,a method of localizing the underwater sound source by matching the characteristic parameters of cluster signals is proposed.The characteristics of cluster signals at different ranges and depths are analyzed by simulation.The effectiveness of the approach is preliminarily verified by using the experimental data achieved in the non-full deep sea area of the South China Sea.The results show that the characteristic parameters such as arrival time and amplitude corresponding to each cluster signal can be used to localize the underwater sound source.The range estimation results of underwater acoustic sources obtained by a single hydrophone are in good agreement with the measured results.The estimated errors for the range between 2.0 km and 90.4 km are less than 8%.