空气中声源激发浅海水下声场传播特性的实验研究

为了获得空气中远距离声源激发水下声场的精细结构,2013年3月,声场声信息国家重点实验室在南海海域进行了一次空气中声源激发水下声场的实验。采用汽笛作为空气声源,海底放置水听器作为接收,在实验过程中,发射船由距离水听器2.4 km处行驶至9.8 km。本文对该次实验数据进行分析,获得了收发距离远达9.8 km、频率分别为128 Hz和256 Hz的声传播损失曲线,该曲线随传播距离变化存在清晰的震荡结构.利用波数积分方法计算实验环境下的水下声场理论值,并对获得的声场传播特性进行了较好的物理解释。 

Experimental analysis on air-to-water sound transmission loss in shallow water

In order to study the fine structure of air-to-water sound transmission in shallow water, State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics conducted an experiment in the South China Sea in March, 2013. During the experiment, multi-frequency signals transmitted by a hooter were received by an underwater hydrophone, and the distance between the hooter and the hydrophone was from 2.4 km to 9.8 km approximately. Through analyzing experimental data in this work, the experimental air-to-water transmission loss at frequencies 128 Hz and 256 Hz is estimated with the range up to 9.8 km, which has clear oscillation structure. The wave-number integration approach is used to simulate theoretical air-to-water transmission losses and to explain the experimental air-to-water sound transmission characteristic.