一种改进的弹丸落点声学定位方法

研究了基于传感器阵列的声源定位技术,并在此基础上提出了一种改进的最小二乘声源定位方法。首先,根据风速、风向、温度对声速的影响,建立了观测值修正模型,再根据误差传播特性合理分配权阵,然后用最小二乘法进行定位解算;考虑观测值中可能含有粗差,将IGG3抗差模型加入到数据处理中,以提高系统的抗干扰能力;另外,通过观察残差向量,判断可能出现时序错误的观测值,再对时序不断调整,解决多声源时序混乱的问题。最后,通过对试验数据解算分析,证明本文方法的有效性和可行性。试验结果表明:改进的最小二乘声源定位方法可使定位误差达到4 m以下。本文所提方法不仅能有效降低粗差的影响,而且可准确处理多声源定位中观测值时序关系混乱的问题,可靠性较高。本文的研究内容紧密联系实际,可为声源定位设备的设计和应用提供参考依据。 

Improved acoustic localization method for projectile dropping point

On the base of the acoustic source localization technology based on sensor array,an improved Least Square localization method is proposed.First,According to the effect of wind velocity,directions,and temperature on sound velocity,the correction model of the observations is illustrated,then correct the weight matrix by the law of error propagation,after that,location calculation by least square method.Considering that the existence of the gross error is possible,IGG3 robust model is integrated into the process to improve the anti-interference ability of the system.Additionally,the wrong observations are judged by observing the residuals vector,then the time series chaos problem is solved by adjusting the series.Finally,the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are certified by calculating and analysing the real experimental data.The results show the improved Least Square localization method achieves the location accuracy within 4 m.The method proposed can not only effectively reduce the influence of gross errors,but also solve the chaos in observational series perfectly,and the reliability of the system can be improved.The research work that is closely related to practice provides reference for the design and application of acoustic source localization equipment.