三维信息测量的运动声源无源测距

针对运动声源无源测距问题,给出了目标方位、多普勒频移和距离特征量作为测量信息来估计目标初始距离的方法。通过伪线性化的处理方法,构造了一个异方差的线性模型。在声呐平台直航条件下,证明了非径向运动的声源目标,利用3个目标方位、2个多普勒频移和2个距离特征量的观测信息,可以唯一地确定目标的距离、速度和航向,而仅利用目标方位和距离特征量的观测信息,系统是不可观测的。蒙特卡洛数值模拟表明:对于初始距离5 nm(海里)的情形,三维信息测量方法比参考方法的目标距离的平均收敛时间要少200 s左右,收敛时间标准差要少40 s左右。随着初始距离的增加,两种方法收敛时间差有变大的趋势,这意味着三维信息构造的方法的稳健性优于参考方法。实验数据也进一步验证了在300 s左右,目标距离的估计逐渐趋于收敛。因此,该方法可以在稳定的干涉结构条件下,实现运动声源的无源定位。 

Passive ranging of amoving sound source using three-dimensional information measurement

In order to solve the problem of passive ranging of moving sound source,a method of estimating the initial distance of target by using the measurement information of target azimuth,Doppler frequency shift and distance characteristic quantity is presented.Through pseudo linearization,a linear model with heteroscedasticity is constructed.It is proved that the system can uniquely determine the distance,velocity and course of a non-radial moving sound source target by using the observation information of three target bearing,two Doppler frequency shift and two distance characteristic quantity,but the system is unobservable only by using the observation information of the target Azimuth and distance characteristic quantity under the condition of direct navigation of Sonar Platform.Monte Carlo simulations show that the average convergence time of the three-dimensional information measurement method is about 200 seconds less than that of the reference method,and the standard deviation of the convergence time is about 40 seconds less for an initial distance of five nautical miles.With the increase of the initial distance,the convergence time difference between the two methods tends to increase,which means the robustness of 3 D information construction method is better than that of reference method.The experimental data further verify that the estimation of target distance tends to converge in about 300 seconds.Therefore,this method can realize passive ranging of moving sound source under the condition of stable interference structure.