圆柱阵子阵分级处理的稳健超指向性波束形成方法

提出了圆柱阵子阵分级处理的稳健超指向性波束形成方法。首先建立了圆柱阵分两级子阵进行波束形成的信号模型,接着利用空间均匀噪声场中噪声互谱矩阵的循环特性得到基于特征波束分解与综合模型的圆柱阵超指向性的最优解,然后仿真研究了其误差敏感度函数、阵增益和波束图等性能指标,并与圆柱阵的传统全局处理方法进行了对比。提出的分两级子阵处理的超指向性方法与传统全局处理方法相比不仅降低了数据存储量和波束形成计算量,而且进一步提升了稳健性,并且在低频段的阵增益远远高于常规波束形成的值,对水下声呐阵列的设计具有一定的参考价值。 

Robust superdirective beamforming for cylindrical arrays based on subarray processing

A robust superdirective beamforming method for cylindrical arrays based on subarray processing is proposed. First, a signal model of two-level subarrays of a cylindrical array for beamforming is established, and then the optimal solutions of superdirectivity based on the eigenbeam decomposition and synthesis model are derived by using the circulant property of the noise cross-spectral matrix in the isotropic noise field. Compared to the traditional processing of the cylindrical arrays, the simulations of the sensitivity function, array gain and beampatterns of the proposed method are given. The resnlts show that the proposed method can obtain robust superdirective beampatterns and reduce the data storage and the amount of calculation. The achieved array gain in the low frequency band is much larger than that of the conventional beamforming. The proposed method provides another choice of the scheme for the actual underwater sonar array design.