住宅建筑中相邻房间的侧向传声预测

侧向传声作为建筑中声传递的组成部分,对住宅的整体隔声效果具有重要的影响,通过将建筑中相邻房间的各建筑构件划分为若干子系统,应用统计能量分析(Statistical Energy Analysis,SEA)理论,从系统的声功率平衡的角度建立侧向传声的预测模型,在描述各路径的传声规律的同时确定主要传声路径。研究结果表明:当外围护结构为重质结构,且为匀质单一材料构造时,(1)在低频处,全程通过两相邻房间的侧墙或楼板的非通过隔墙的侧向路径成为主要侧向传声路径;(2)在中高频,各侧向路径的声压级差趋于一致,此时的建筑隔声性能取决于通过隔墙的直接路径上的声传递;(3)采用重质隔墙可以缩小侧向传声影响的频率范围。本研究为改善住宅的声环境质量及建筑隔声设计提供了理论依据。 

Prediction of sound flanking transmission through two adjacent rooms within a residence building

As a component of sound transmission through a residence building, flanking transmission has significant effects on the sound insulation wholly. This study investigates the mechanism of the sound flanking transmission through two adjacent rooms within a residence building which are divided into several subsystems by using Statistical Energy Analysis(SEA), and, the sound power equations of these subsystems will be obtained. Then, the sound transmissions on each flanking path are predicted and the dominant sound transmission path is also determined by solving these equations and calculating the total loss factors of the subsystems and coupling loss factors between subsystems. As to a masonry building with heavy-weight homogeneous building envelopes, the results show that(1) non-passing through separating wall flanking transmission paths may become the dominant flanking ones at low frequencies,(2) at medium and high frequencies, all sound transmissions on the flanking paths tend to be consistent, and sound insulation between two adjacent rooms within a residence building only depends on the direct transmission path which passes through the separating wall, and(3) heavy-weight separating wall can dwindle the frequency range of flanking transmission which affects the sound insulation between two adjacent rooms within a residence building. The proposed results can ameliorate sound environment quality and provide the theoretical guidance for sound insulation design in a residence building.