半导体纳米材料和物理

半导体纳米材料是纳米材料的一个重要组成部分，纳米结构的电子和光子器件将成为下一代微电子和光电子器件的核心。文章介绍了半导体纳米材料研究的新进展，包括四个方面：半导体自组织生长量子点，纳米晶体，微腔光子晶体和纳米结构中的自旋电子学。本世纪开始的半导体纳米材料的研究是上世纪半导体超晶格量子阱研究的延续，同时又开辟了一些新的领域，如：单电子的电子学、单光子的光子学，微腔和光子晶体，稀磁半导体和自旋电子的相干输运等，这些研究将为研制在新原理基础上的新器件和实现量子计算、量子通信打下基础。

Semiconductor nanometer material and physics

Nanometer semiconductors are an important class of nanometer materials. Electronic and photonic componets of nanometer scale will become the core of micro\|electronic and photo\|electronic devices of the next generation. The newest advances in semiconductor nanometer material research are reviewed, covering four parts: self\|assembled growth of quantum dots, nanometer crystals, microcavity and photonic crystals, and spin electronics. The research on semiconductor nanometer materials that began in this century is the continuation of research on semiconductor superlattices and quantum wells in the last century, while at the same time it has opened up new fields such as single electron electronics, single photon photonics, microcavity and photonic crystals, diluted magnetic semiconductors, and coherent transport of spin electrons. These studies will lay the foundation for developing and fabricating new devices based on new principles, and for realizing quantum computation and communication.