第四讲 超强激光脉冲与等离子体相互作用中高能离子的产生

近几年来，由于高功率激光技术的不断发展，利用超强激光脉冲与等离子体相互作用产生高能离子束的研究得到了极大推动．实验和理论模拟均发现，在超强激光脉冲与等离子体相互作用过程中，可以产生高亮度、小尺寸、方向性好的高能质子束和高能重离子束．这种基于超强激光的高能离子源在先进离子束成像技术、惯性约束聚变混合“快点火”、新型台面离子加速器以及医疗等方面都有很诱人的应用前景．文章主要介绍了超强激光与固体靶相互作用中高能离子束（尤其是质子束）的加速机制、高能离子束特性、常用测量方法及其潜在应用，并对最新的研究进展进行了简单介绍．

Generation of high energy ions in ultraintense laser-plasma interactions

Studies on the high energy ion beams generated in ultraintense laser-plasma interactions has made considerable progress recently due to the development of high power laser technologies. Ion beams of small source size, high brightness and collimation in laser plasma interactions have attracted great interest because of a wide range of important applications, such as advanced proton radiography, fast ignition of inertial confinement fusion, tabletop ion accelerators, and medical applications. This paper discusses the generation mechanisms, beam characteristics, diagnostics, potential applications and recent studies of high energy ions, especially protons, produced by irradiating solid targets with ultra-intense laser pulses.