飞秒激光诱导材料内部三维光功能微结构新进展

飞秒激光是近年来获得迅速发展的一种超快激光．超短脉冲和超高电场强度是它的两个特征．飞秒激光已广泛用于物理化学反应的动力学过程分析和热效应可忽略的超精细加工．利用飞秒激光与材料的非线性相互作用，还可以实现透明材料内部有空间选择性的三维调控光功能微结构．文章重点介绍了在可擦重写三维超高密度光存储、立体彩色内雕、可集成超快光开关等方面的应用和国内外相关领域的最新进展，并展望了应用前景。

Recent developments in femtosecond laser-induced three-dimensional microstructures with optical functions

Femtosecond lasers have two charact er istics: ultrashort pulse length and ultrahigh electric field. They are widely us ed in the analysis of dynamic processes of various physicochemical reactions and fine processing with minimal thermal effects. They can also be used for three\| dimensional microstructure modifications due to the nonlinear interaction betwee n light and matter. We review the application of femtosecond lasers to three\|di mensional rewriteable optical memories with ultrahigh storage density, the forma tion of colored three\|dimensional images, the fabrication of integrated optical switches, and other related areas. We also suggest future research directions i n this area.