利用直接核反应研究轻丰中子核的奇特结构

直接核反应(包括弹性散射、非弹性散射、转移反应等)是研究丰中子核奇特结构的常用实验手段之一。以6,8He、11Li、11,12Be、14,15B、15,16C等N=8附近核的结构研究为例，综述了如何利用这几种反应从实验上研究丰中子核的奇特结构。利用6,8He，11Be等晕核在质子和氘靶上的弹性散射数据，拟合得到了这些反应体系的有效相互作用(光学势)。利用16C在质子和氘靶上的非弹性散射数据，抽取了16C 的形变参数，结果表明16C的形变不可忽略。利用单核子转移反应，定量研究了8He, 11,12Be等丰中子核基态及低占据态中的p-，s-，以及d-波成分的强度。结果表明:8He基态中的4个价中子，除了可以构成正常的 (0p_3/2)4 组态外，还有一定的几率构成($ 0 p_{3/2} $)2(0p_1/2)2组态；12Be的基态以d波闯入为主，而其临近的11Be的基态以s波闯入为主。

Study on Exotic Structure of Light Neutron-rich Nuclei via Direct Reaction

Direct reaction, including elastic scattering, inelastic scattering and transfer reactions, is one of the commonly used methods to study the exotic structure of light neutron-rich nuclei. Taking for example the structure studies of 6,8He, 11Li, 11,12Be, 14,15B, and 15,16C, this paper reviewed how to use these reactions to study the exotic structure of neutron-rich nuclei experimentally. The effective interactions (optical potential) between the halo nuclei 6,8He/11Be and the p/d targets are obtained by fitting the elastic scattering angular distributions. The deformation parameter of 16C is extracted from the inelastic scattering data of 16C+p/d, which indicates that the deformation of 16C can not be ignored. The p-, s- and d-wave intensities of the ground state in 8He and 11,12Be are quantitatively studied by the single-nucleon transfer reaction. The results show that in the ground state of 8He, besides four valence neutrons filling the 0p_3/2 orbital, other configurations, such as (0p_3/2)2(0p_1/2)2, may have some probability. The ground state of 12Be is dominated by the d-wave intruder, but its neighbour 11Be is predominated by the s-wave intruder.