星载微光立体成像技术及实现

为了监测夜间和晨昏时段的低云大雾，实现云的三维立体成像，对微光立体成像的关键技术进行了研究。首先，介绍了微光立体成像原理，分析了成像需要解决的宽视场覆盖和多镜头布局。然后，介绍了实现微光探测需要解决的低照度成像技术及其实现方法。最后，针对观测目标照度变化较大的问题，提出了动态范围拓展技术，介绍了后期数据处理中的云雾监测技术。仿真计算结果表明：采用电子倍增CCD（EMCCD）探测器和推扫扫描成像模式、集成探测器组件以及多台相机拼接方案可有效实现微光立体成像，相机扫描幅宽超过2800km；高程分辨率〈817．7m。提出的成像技术可在低照度条件下监测低云大雾，获取高分辨率的三维立体云图，满足气象海洋探测的需求。

Spaceborne shimmer tridimensional imaging technology and its implementation

In order to detect low clouds and heavy fogs during nighttime and twilight, and to achieve three-di-mensional imaging of the clouds, the key technologies of shimmer tridimensional imaging were discussed. First, the theory of shimmer tridimensional imaging was introduced, and the wide-field coverage and multi-lens layout for imaging were analyzed. Then, the low-light imaging technology and its implementation were intro- duced. Finally, aiming at the larger illuminance change of an observed target, the dynamic range expanding technology is presented, and detecting technology for clouds and fogs was introduced. Emulation calculation results indicate that the EMCCD detector and push-broom imaging mode, integrated detector assembly and the multi-camera stitching program can effectively realize shimmer tridimensional imaging. The camera swath is beyond 2 800 km and elevation resolution is less than 817.7 m. By using this imaging technology, we can de-tect the low clouds and heavy fogs in a low-light condition, and can get high-resolution three-dimensional ima-ging of the clouds, which satisfies the requirements of meteorologycal and oceanic detection.