海面溢油的紫外辐射特性

利用三个测量波段(290,320,355 nm),进行了海水目标及溢油目标(原油、重油、柴油、汽油、棕榈油)反射特性的室外实验,获得了探测目标的上升辐射强度和溢油-海水对比度与太阳高度角和方位角的关系曲线。结果表明,当太阳高度角为40°~60°时,原油-海水对比度为14%~44%,重油-海水对比度为15%~35%,汽油-海水对比度为12%~26%,棕榈油-海水对比度为15%~47%,柴油-海水对比度为3%~12%。说明联合三个波段,可以在不同太阳高度角和方位角下实现对不同油的探测和识别,表明紫外波段在海面溢油的早期探测和识别方面具有突出优势。

Ultraviolet Radiation Characteristic of Oil Spills on Sea Surface

The outdoor experiments at three wavebands(290,320,and 355 nm)are carried out to study the reflection characteristics of seawater targets and oil spill targets(e.g.,crude oil,heavy oil,diesel oil,gasoline,and palm oil).The relationship curves of upwelling radiation intensity and the oil-seawater contrast of the detected target with the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle are obtained.Results show that when the solar altitude angle is 40°--60°,the contrast ratio between crude oil and seawater is 14%--44%,that between dead oil and seawater is 15%--35%,that between gasoline and seawater is 12%--26%,that between palm oil and seawater is 15%--47%,and that between diesel oil and seawater is 3%--12%.These results indicate that the detection and identification of different oils can be realized at different solar altitude angles and azimuth angles by the combination of three wavebands,among which the ultraviolet waveband exhibits an outstanding advantage in the early detection and identification of oil spills on sea surface.