浅海单矢量传感器宽带声源三维定位仿真

针对水平不变的浅海波导中单矢量传感器对低频宽带声源的三维被动定位问题,首先利用平均声强器估计声源方位；其次,通过分离简正模的声压和水平振速分量联合处理获得运动声源相对速度,进一步基于垂直声能流中简正模相干项特征频率不变性以及长时间窗口中多快拍信号的统一处理,建立WARPING变换频谱作为代价函数的搜索处理器,估计该段信号的初始距离,进而获得各时刻声源距离,所提出的方法避免了对拷贝声场和引导声源的依赖；最后,利用多阶简正模相干项与非相干项能量模基处理方法,当声场中存在三阶以上简正模时,可对声源深度进行匹配估计。仿真分析表明,单个矢量传感器能够给出声源的方位、距离及深度估计结果。

Three-dimensional localization of broadband source using a single vector sensor in shallow water

Aiming at passively positioning a low-frequency broadband sound source in range-independent shallow water waveguide, a three-dimension localization approach using a single vector is proposed. The conventional acoustic intensity estimator is applied to estimate the source azimuth. The relative radial velocity of a moving source can firstly be estimated using a combined processing of the pressure component and the horizontal vibration velocity component of the filtered normal modes. Furthermore, the source range is estimated based on the characteristic frequency invariability of coherence normal mode pairs using vertical intensity flux component and processing multi-snapshot signals within a long time window. The cost-function based on the spectrum of these signals by WARPING transform is employed to search the initial range. And then the range course of the source can be calculated. The range estimation approach is independent of the replica field computations and the guided source. Finally, the source depth is estimated by a model-based approach employing the ratio of energy between coherent terms and incoherent terms of normal modes. The estimation is unique when at least three-order normal modes are employed. The simulations show that the source azimuth, range and depth can be estimated for the single vector sensor.