肺超声伪影的产生机理、检测技术及临床应用*

近年来,肺部超声技术越来越受到人们的关注。肺部超声可以对肺组织以及胸膜进行快速的视觉评估,用来诊断心源性肺水肿、急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)等肺部疾病。相较于CT、磁共振成像(MRI)而言,超声对人体无辐射危险,且超声技术简单、安全、成本相对较低。而肺超声伪影可以反映出诸多肺部组织病理信息,临床诊断中能观察到的肺部伪影主要包括有A线、B线与Z线。通过这些伪影可以对患者进行生理和病理的诊断,尤其是B线具有非常重要的临床价值。该文就肺部超声伪影的产生机理、定量及半定量检测技术以及肺超声伪影的临床应用进行综述。

The mechanism, detection technology and clinical application of pulmonary ultrasound artifact

In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to pulmonary ultrasound technology. Pulmonary ultrasound can provide rapid visual assessment of lung tissue and pleura to diagnose pulmonary diseases such as cardiogenic pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Compared with CT, MRI has no radiation risk to human body, and ultrasound technology is simple, safe and relatively cheap. However, pulmonary ultrasound artifacts can reflect A lot of pathological information of lung tissue, and the pulmonary artifacts observed in clinical diagnosis mainly include A line, B line and Z line. These artifacts can be used for physiological and pathological diagnosis of patients, especially the B-line has very important clinical value. This paper reviews the mechanism, detection technology and clinical application of pulmonary ultrasonic artifacts.