基于水声信道传播特性实现三元阵三维定位研究

三元阵通常被用来完成测距任务，要实现三维定位需要与其他设备合作或增加阵元数来完成。针对常规三元阵三维定位问题，本文基于水声信道传播特性，通过虚拟阵元实现三元阵的全方位被动三维定位；同时，本文通过对三元阵进行非直线布阵来解决直线三元阵对 轴方向定位的左右模糊问题，实现全方位三维定位。数值分析和仿真表明该方法能够很好的完成三元阵全方位三维定位问题，尤其对浅海近程目标。

The three-dimensional positioning research of three-element array based on the underwater acoustic channel propagation characteristics

Three-element array is often used to complete the task of surveying the distance between the object and the reference element. To achieve three-dimensional positioning, cooperation with other devices or increasing the number of array elements are requried when using three-element array. In allusion to the problem of three-dimensional positioning of three-element array, this paper shows a method to achieve passive three-dimensional positioning based on the underwater acoustic channel propagation characteristics. At the same time, the non-linear three-element array in this paper can solve the linear three-element array ambiguity around the y-axis direction. The numerical analysis and simulation show that this paper can well complete three-dimensional positioning of three-element array, especially for the shallow water target.