松花江冰下声学试验技术研究

北极区域极具战略意义与商业价值,随着各国的广泛关注,针对北极地区开展的科考科研活动逐渐增多。其中北极海域的相关研究尤为重要,特别是北极水声学,是保障北极军事存在以及正常科考科研活动的重要支撑。课题组于2015年1月在哈尔滨松花江进行了冰下声学试验,主要内容包括冰下信道测试、冰层散射系数测量以及冰下水声通信试验,实现了冰下半波导现象的初步观测、冰层前向散射系数的测量、基于能量检测器的低信噪比扩频通信、基于时反镜判决反馈均衡技术的高速水声通信以及冰下12用户多址水声通信等内容。本文对本次冰下声学试验情况进行介绍,并给出了相应的试验结果及经验总结。

Research on under-ice acoustic experiment technology

Scientific investigations and research activities have been carried out in the arctic regions of many countries. They have extremely important strategic significance and commercial value. The related research about the Arctic Ocean is particularly important, especially arctic hydroacoustics that is the significant support to guarantee military presence and normal scientific research activities. The first domestic under-ice acoustic-experiment research was conducted in the Songhua river of Harbin in January 2015. The under ice channel test, measurement of ice scattering coefficient, and under ice acoustic communication experiment are mainly included in the experiment. The preliminary observation of the half waveguide phenomenon, the ice forward scattering coefficient measurement, the spread spectrum communication under low signal-to-noise ratio condition based on energy detector, high speed underwater acoustic communication based on time reversal mirror combined with decision feedback equalization, 12 users under ice multiple access underwater acoustic communication have been all realized. Technologies about the under-ice acoustic-experiment are introduced in this paper, and the corresponding experimental results are presented.