声空化工程初步*

声空化气泡内的高温、高压和高密度是声空化工程的机理和基础。该文简要回顾了国内外声空化理论和实验研究的进展，针对当前在液体中进行工业规模声处理等声能应用方面的现状和存在的问题，提出了扩大声能应用的一种可能途径——声空化空间分布控制并在实验室内进行了实验研究。结果表明该方法具有可行性。在此基础上，文中给出了基于空化空间分布控制方法在稠油井口辅助降粘和高固污泥预处理方面取得声空化工程初步应用的两个例子。现场的试验结果表明，这两种声空化工程化样机在实际现场工况条件下，均取得了较好的应用效果。最后，对当前声空化工程应用前景进行了初步探讨。

An exploratory application of acoustic cavitation engineering

The high temperature, high pressure and high density inside an acoustic cavitation bubble are the mechanism and foundation of acoustic cavitaion engineering. The development of acoustic cavitation in theory and in experiment at home and abroad is reviewed briefly in this paper. To overcome the bottleneck problem of ultrasonic treatments in liquid on the industry scale, a possible way to enlarge the application of acoustic energy--optimizing the spatial distribution of acoustic cavitation is proposed and investigated. The experiments show that it is feasible. Based on the experiments, two examples of the exploratory application of acoustic cavitaiton engineering in viscosity reduction for heavy oil and pretreatment of high-solid sludge are given. The pilot tests show that both of the prototypes for the acoustic cavitation engineering can operate very well. At last, the perspective of the acoustic cavitation engineering on the industry scale is discussed.