膨润土有机改性的FTIR和XRD研究

研究内容是制备有机膨润土以提高膨润土与有机相的相容性，同时观察膨润土的层状结构在有机化前后的变化情况。以钠基膨润土为原料，并用十八胺试剂作为有机插层剂取代膨润土层间的Na+，制得有机膨润土，且对其结构进行表征。FTIR和DTA-TG都证明有机插层剂已进入膨润土的层间;XRD表明膨润土的层间距由1.4增大到4.3 nm;从实验结果可知，钠化膨润土在各种指标上都比原钙基膨润土有显著的改善，如吸蓝量、膨胀容、胶质价、阳离子交换容量等。改性后的膨润土使其晶片层间的亲水环境改变为疏水环境以及增大晶片层间距离，从而有利于制备综合性能较好的复合材料。

Research of FTIR and XRD Study on the Organic Modification of Bentonites

Organobentonites were prepared to improve the compatibility between bentonites and organic phase.The change of lamellar structure after organic modification was observed.Na~+-bentonites and octadecylamine were used to exchange the Na~+ which is in the layers of bentonites,and the organobentonites were obtained.Both FTIR and DTA-TG proved that octadecylamine entered the layers of bentonites,and XRD showed that the lamellar distance increased from 1.4 nm to 4.3 nm.Based on the experiment,most of the properties of Na~+-bentonites such as the ethylene blue adsorbed by bentonites,cation exchange capacity and the like are better than Ca~(2+)-bentonites'.The bentonites modified by octadecylamine improved the hydrophobic ability and widened the lamellar distance of bentonites,which contributes to enhancing the whole properties of composites.