利用红外光谱确定碱法分解粉煤灰的碳酸钠用量的实验研究

利用红外光谱研究了粉煤灰在用碳酸钠碱熔法分解前后的物相变化,发现:碱熔前,粉煤灰的红外光谱主要显示莫来石和二氧化硅的特征吸收;碱熔后,粉煤灰(后统称熟料)的红外光谱主要表现为霞石的特征吸收。研究还对比了不同配比条件下,莫来石反应的完全程度。发现不同配比的粉煤灰熟料的红外光谱存在很大差异。在一定的碳酸钠用量范围内(粉煤灰∶碳酸钠>1.2∶1时),其对应熟料的红外光谱主要为霞石的吸收峰,并表现有莫来石吸收残留,说明此配比条件下,莫来石尚未分解完全;当粉煤灰∶碳酸钠=1.2∶1时,莫来石吸收消失,说明此配比条件下,莫来石可以分解完全,此时熟料的红外光谱中也未出现其他杂峰,证明此时熟料为霞石单一物相;当粉煤灰∶碳酸钠<1.2∶1时,熟料的红外光谱中出现了碳酸盐的特征吸收,说明碳酸钠过量,同时,硅酸根的特征吸收峰也发生分裂,说明硅酸根的振动吸收峰增加,推测可能是碳酸钠过量后,霞石与碳酸钠发生反应,使霞石吸收过量的Na2O,导致霞石的晶体结构发生变化。由此可以判定碱熔法分解粉煤灰的最佳配比为粉煤灰∶碳酸钠=1.2∶1。X射线分析也得到了相同的结论。

Application of IR Spectra to the Study of Comprehensive Utilization of Fly Ash

Infrared (IR) spectra were used to study the fly ash both before and after having been treated by using sodium carbonate at 860 degrees C for 1.5 h. The IR results show that fly ash is composed of mullite and silica, which change into nepheline after being heated with sodium carbonate. According to these IR curves, different sodium carbonate amount makes the products different. For example, as fly ash:sodium carbonate > 1.2:1, the product is mainly nepheline with some mullite left. However, when increasing the use of sodium carbonate to the range of fly ash:sodium carbonate < 1.2:1, the mullite phase disappears, while some sodium carbonate remains; and the structure of nepheline has little change. So the authors choose fly ash:sodium carbonate = 1.2:1 as the best choice of the sodium carbonate amount factor. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results of the same sample came to the same conclusion.