鸡粪堆肥水溶性有机物特征紫外吸收光谱研究

采用紫外-可见吸收光谱,对不同堆肥时期样品中水溶性有机物(DOM)的特征吸收参数进行了研究。结果显示,堆肥进行时样品DOM中的非腐殖质物质不断转化为腐殖质类物质,并且腐殖质物质的芳构化及分子量增加,腐殖化程度加大,同时苯环结构上的脂肪链降解成羰基、羧基等官能团。相关性分析显示,相同DOM浓度(DOC)样品在254与280nm的吸收值SUVA254,SUVA280,226～400nm吸光度的积分A226～400两两间均达到极显著正相关,与DOC均显著负相关,但以A226～400与DOC相关性最高;253和203nm吸光度比值E253/E203与SUVA254,SUVA280及A226～400均达到显著相关,但与DOC的相关性不如后三者;250和365nm吸光度比值E250/E365及465和665nm吸光度比值E465/E665与其他参数均不相关。分析结果表明,随着堆肥的进行DOM稳定度增加,对重金属配位能力增强;在所研究的紫外-可见光谱吸收参数中,A226～400最能反映堆肥腐熟度变化。

Study on the characteristic UV absorption parameters of dissolved organic matter extracted from chicken manure during composting

The characteristic parameters obtained from UV-Visible spectra of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during composting were studied in the present paper. The results showed that, during composting progress, the non-humic substances were translated into humus substances, and the aromatization, humification degree and molecular weight of the humus substances increased, while the fatty chains linked with the benzene ring structure were cleavaged into carbonyl, carboxyl and other functional groups. The correlation analysis showed that, when DOM concentration (DOC) from all samples was the same, the specific ultraviolet absorbance values at 254 and 280 nm (SUVA254 and SUVA280, respectively), and the area of a spectrum obtained from 226 to 400 nm (A(226-400)) showed significant positive correlation, furthermore, they were all significantly negatively correlated with the concentration of DOM (DOC), but the correlation between A(226-400) and DOC was the best; The ratio between the absorbance value at 253 nm and that at 203 nm (E253/E203) was significantly correlative with SUVA254, SUVA280 and A 226-400, though the correlation between E253/E203 and DOC was not as good as the other three characteristic parameters; The ratio between the absorbance value at 250 nm and that at 365 nm (E250/E365) and the ratio between the absorbance value at 465 nm and that at 665 nm(E250/E365) were not correlated with the other parameters. The results showed that, the stability of DOM extracted from chicken manure increased during composting, and the complex ability between DOM and heavy metals enhanced as well; A(226-400) reflects the changes of compost maturity best in all UV-Visible spectral absorption parameters studied in this paper.