FTIR结合有效成分定量分析在傣药灯台叶质量控制中的应用

傣医药是我国传统医药的瑰宝,同时也是我国"四大民族医药"(藏、蒙、维、傣)之一。建立灯台树叶片(傣语习称"摆埋丁别")、嫩茎的傅里叶红外光谱和HPLC测定鸭脚树叶碱、熊果酸、齐墩果酸含量的方法以快速鉴别和区分不同药用部位,探讨嫩茎对灯台叶整体质量的影响及红外光谱结合高效液相色谱技术在傣药材质量评价中的应用。采集15批灯台叶和嫩茎红外光谱,平行三次,原始光谱经自动基线校正、自动平滑、纵坐标归一化、二阶求导等预处理后进行主成分分析,分别测定鸭脚树叶碱乙腈-0.1%氨水(40∶60),检测波长287nm],熊果酸和齐墩果酸甲醇-0.1%甲酸水(88∶12),检测波长210nm]的含量。灯台叶及嫩茎原始光谱呈现相似的变化规律,差异较小,经自动基线校正、自动平滑、纵坐标归一化和二阶求导处理后在3 000~2 800和1 800~500cm~(-1)波段中吸收峰数目和强度差异明显;由导数光谱数据的主成分得分图可得知叶片和嫩茎各为一类,且不同批次叶片之间的变异大于嫩茎;叶片中有效成分平均含量均明显高于嫩茎(鸭脚树叶碱含量为嫩茎中的3.8倍,熊果酸含量为嫩茎中的5.1倍,齐墩果酸含量为嫩茎中的4.2倍);叶片中鸭脚树叶碱、熊果酸和齐墩果酸平均含量分别为0.79,8.47,7.51mg·g~(-1),嫩茎中三者的平均含量分别为0.21,1.78,1.67mg·g~(-1),熊果酸、齐墩果酸含量均明显高于鸭脚树叶碱含量,而熊果酸和齐墩果酸含量相对稳定。灯台叶的整体质量优于嫩茎,市售掺杂嫩茎的灯台叶不能直接纳入傣药应用,应先进行一定的净选后再加以利用。红外光谱技术结合液相色谱能快速对傣药不同药用部位进行定性定量分析,系统评价药材整体质量,可用于傣药的质量控制。

Application of FTIR and Active Ingredients Quantitative Analysis on Quality Control of Dai Medicine Alstonia scholaris (L.)R.Br.

FTIR fingerprint of the leaves and immature stems of Alstonia scholaris (L.)R.Br.was established as a content determination method for the detection of picrinine,ursolic acid and oleanolic acid.Different medicinal parts were identified based on principal component analysis,while exploring the influence of immature stems for the leaves and the application of FTIR and HPLC in the Dai quality control in order to speed up the pace of Dai medicine modernization.Infrared spectroscopy of different batches samples were collected and the data was preprocessed as to automatic baseline correction,smooth,ordinate normaliza-tion,second order derivative,and then to PCA,all the datum in triplicate.For content determination of picrinine,mobile phase was acetonitrile (40)water (contain 0.1% ammonia water)(60)and the wavelength was set at 287 nm.For ursolic acid and oleanolic acid,the mobile phase was mixture (12∶88)of 0.1% formic acid in water (A)and methanol (B).Wavelength was 210 nm.As the results,the original spectrum difference was not obvious for leaves and stems.Pretreatment spectroscopy had a significant variation on absorption peak number and intensity in 3 000~2 800 and 1 800~500 cm-1 .The results of PCA showed that,the leaves and stems were separated;in addition the difference of different batches leaves was bigger than the stems.The mean contents of picrinine,ursolic acid and oleanolic acid in leaves were 0.79,8.47,7.51 and 0.21,1.78,1.67 mg·g-1 in stems,respectively.The content of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid is higher than picrinine,but ursolic acid and oleanolic acid con-tent had no obvious difference.Mean content of three ingredients in leaves is much higher than in stems.Picrinine content in leaves was 3.8 times of immature stems,ursolic acid and oleanolic acid content were 5.1 and 4.2 times of immature stems,re-spectively.The variety of picrinine content in different batches samples was biggest,ursolic acid and oleanolic acid content was relatively stable.The overall quality of leaves has an obvious difference compared with the immature stems,so the leaves of A. scholaris mix with immature stems could not be as Dai medicine in Dai clinic.Infrared spectroscopy combined with chromatogra-phy can quickly identify different medicinal parts and evaluate overall quality of Dai medicine,which can apply to quality control of Dai medicine.