松花粉的红外光谱、扫描电镜和X射线能谱仪分析

建立了利用傅里叶变换红外光谱法（FTIR）、扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线能谱对4种松花粉和破壁马尾松花粉中的主要营养成分和常见微量元素进行定性定量分析的方法。红外图谱分析结果表明：马尾松、云南松、油松和赤松均有其自己的红外光谱特征，根据谱图特征吸收峰的相对强度的差异可以对松花粉中主要营养成分进行鉴别分析。破壁和天然马尾松花粉的红外图谱差异较显著，说明松花粉破壁对于营养成分的释放有一定意义。扫描电镜和X射线能谱分析显示：4种松树花粉从远极面和近极面观皆呈椭圆形或近圆形，主体的表面纹饰结构基本相同为颗粒状纹饰，颗粒大小差别较大。破壁与天然马尾松花粉的形态差别主要在于气囊从花粉主体颗粒上分离、破碎，有部分花粉颗粒主体的碎片从主体脱落。X射线能谱分析在松花粉中共发现Mg，Se，Si，Sr，P，S，Cl，K，Ca，Mn，Fe共11种无机元素，其中K元素含量最高。4种松花粉中无机元素含量差别比较明显，破壁马尾松花粉的元素能谱强度显著高于天然马尾松。

Analysis of Pine Pollen by Using FTIR, SEM and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Analysis

Infrared spectroscopy(IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis(EDX) were used to analyze nutrients in four pine pollen powder samples.The IR fingerprints showed that each of the samples,pinus massoniana,pinus yunnanensis,pinus tabulaeformis,and pinus densiflora,respectively had its own characteristic infrared spectrum.Based on the difference of the relative intensity of those characteristic absorption peaks,the IR fingerprints can be used for the identification of the four kinds of pine pollen samples.The broken pollen of pinus was more easily to release nutritional components for the distinct difference of IR fingerprints of natural and broken masson pine pollen samples.As a result of SEM,four kinds of pollen grains were oblong or subspheroidal in distal face and proximal face.The exine sculpture of the four kinds of samples were granulous and almost the same,but there was some difference of the size of pollen grains.The main morphologic change of the broken pollen was that the air bags were separated from pollen particles,and part of the main body of pollen particles was broken.The energy-dispersive X-ray analysis results showed that eleven elements,including Mg,Se,Si,Sr,P,S,Cl,K,Ca,Mn,and Fe,existed and the highest content in pollen of pinus was K element.The contents of trace elements were different in different kinds of pollen of pinus.The element intensity in broken masson pine pollen was distinctly higher than that in natural masson pine pollen.