拉曼光谱特征提取在化学纤维定性鉴别中的应用

拉曼光谱作为快速、无损的检测技术受到越来越广泛的关注,已经成功的应用于过程监控、质量监测、考古鉴定等领域。针对纺织纤维拉曼光谱的特性,提出了一种基于特征提取的拉曼光谱定性鉴别方法。该方法通过直接测取织物、纤维的激光拉曼光谱,并结合光谱预处理技术与特征峰提取、匹配识别方法,能够定性地鉴别织物、纤维的成分归属,对纺织品检验中的难点化学纤维成分的鉴别效果尤其显著。利用94份测试样品对织物成分中普遍存在的4种纤维品种——涤纶、腈纶、锦纶和粘胶进行了鉴别以验证算法的有效性。实验结果表明,该鉴别方法快速、有效,并具有很好的扩展性能,且该方法属纯粹的光学方法,需要样品量少、无需前处理,测试过程对样品无损,不产生化学污染物,适宜对各类织物成分的定性鉴别,突破了现有检测方法存在的局限。

Application of Raman Spectra Feature Extraction in Chemical Fiber Component Qualitative Identification

According to the characteristics o{ the textile fibers Raman spectra, a qualitative identification method based on Raman feature extraction is proposed. This fast method consists of spectrum measurement and spectral data processing algorithm, inclu-ding spectrum preprocessing, feature extraction and matching recognition. It can be used to identify the components of fibers or fabrics, especially chemical fibers, which is an inspective difficulty in daily analytic work for its remarkable Raman feature. The authors performed an experiment to analyze 4 typical and widely used kinds of fibers as algorithm verification. They are terylene fiber, acrylic fiber, nylon fiber and rayon fiber. To identify the components of one test sample, first the authors set up feature tables of these 4 standard samples, which describe the features of their preprocessed spectra containing both position information and intensity information, then extract features of the test sample. The authors match these features with the tables and calcu-late the matching confidence coefficients of the results, which can be used to filter the unexpected matching results caused by ac-cident and attain the final qualitative identification result. The experimental results confirm that this method is effective, efficient and expansible, which means it can be used to identify more actual fiber types by adding more standard spectra to the feature ta-ble database. In addition, it is a pure optical method, which needs only a small quantity of sample without any pretreatment.The whole identification process is damage-free, pollution-free and suitable for various kinds of fabrics. Compared to all existing methods, this Raman spectrum identification method can solve the limitation of efficiency, pollution, universality, and fill a gap in fabric inspection field.