人乳腺癌组织的显微拉曼光谱研究

研究了人类正常与癌变乳腺组织的显微拉曼光谱特性。与正常乳腺组织相比，癌变组织的核酸骨架磷酸离子vs(PO^-2)特征谱线由1082移到1097cm^-1、强度加强，位于817cm^-1的RNA主链vs(O-P-O)的谱线强度增加；蛋白质酰胺Ⅰ和酰胺Ⅲ两个特征谱带从1657，1273cm^-1分别位移到1662和1264cm^-1，其中1264cm^-1谱线的宽度和强度均增加，某些氨基酸残基的C—O谱线向高波数位移，色氨酸特征峰1368cm^-1在癌变组织中几乎观察不到；脂类特征谱线减少。上述谱线变化表明，癌变组织中核酸的相对含量增加、主链结构发生变化；蛋白质结构同时呈现α-螺旋、无规卷曲、卢．折叠以及β-回折4种构象特征，其分子间的氢键近乎断裂，蛋白质变得松散和无序，色氨酸残基的吲哚环呈现“暴露式”；脂类含量减少。研究表明，显微拉曼光谱可以为乳腺癌变的生化机理研究以及活体诊断提供有力的实验依据。

Studies on Human Breast Cancer Tissues with Raman Microspectroscopy

The microscopic Raman spectra from normal and malignant human breast tissues have been measured and investigated. The spectral differences and changes between normal and malignant breast tissue samples mainly involve: (1) the band from the symmetric stretching modes of PO2- group in the DNA shifts from 1082 to 1097 cm(-1) and becomes stronger. The intensity of the symmetric stretching modes of O-P-O at 817 cm(-1) in RNA increases greatly. (2) The bands of Amide I and III at 1657 and 1273 cm(-1) change to 1662 and 1264 cm(-1) respectively with their intensity and band width increasing. The peak of the C-O stretching modes in the amino acids shifts to higher wave number. The tryptophan band at 1368 cm(-1) almost disappears. (3) Fewer characteristic Raman bands from lipids are observed. These spectral changes indicate that nucleic acids increase in contents relatively, while their conformation changes in cancer tissues. The proteins show various conformations and disorder structures with their molecular hydrogen bonds nearly broken. The contents of lipids decrease obviously. This investigation shows that Raman microspectroscopy is useful to biochemical study and vivo diagnosis of human breast cancers.