基于傅里叶红外光谱的生物质环境协调功能材料制备机理及性能研究

以废弃核桃壳为载体材料、癸酸为相变材料，采用微波加热法制备癸酸/多孔活性炭功能材料。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪对癸酸/多孔活性炭功能材料制备过程各阶段的合成物质进行测试，即活性炭前驱体制备阶段、多孔活性炭制备阶段和癸酸/多孔活性炭功能材料制备阶段。研究癸酸/多孔活性炭功能材料制备过程中多孔活性炭复杂网络结构形成机理、癸酸嵌入方式、癸酸与多孔活性炭的嵌合机理，阐明微波加热法制备癸酸/多孔活性炭功能材料的相关机理。同时采用动态水分吸附分析仪、差示扫描量热仪和环境测试舱对癸酸/多孔活性炭功能材料的湿性能、热性能和吸附性能进行测试。结果表明：癸酸/多孔活性炭功能材料具有发达的孔结构和复杂的网络结构，其中部分孔隙吸附癸酸，部分孔隙吸附甲醛分子，孔隙表面具有亲水性的官能团吸附水分子。癸酸/多孔活性炭功能材料具有较好的湿性能、热性能和吸附性能，其在相对湿度40%~60%，平衡含湿量为0.063 1~0.257 0 g·g-1;相变温度为27.42~33.96 ℃，相变焓为52.14~52.67 J·g-1;经过4 h对甲醛气体的吸附效率为50.57%。

Study on Preparation Mechanism and Property of Biomass Environmental Coordination Function Material with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum

Decanoic acid/porous activated carbon function m aterial was made with microwave oven method from waste walnut shell and decanoic acid as the carrier and the phase change material respectively in this paper.S ynthetic materials in different preparation stages (ie.precursor activated carb on preparation stage,porous activated carbon preparation stage and decanoic aci d/porous activated carbon function material preparation stage) were measured wit h Fourier transform infrared spectrum.Complex network structure forming mechani sm of porous activated carbon,decanoic acid embed mode,chimeric mechanism of d ecanoic acid and porous activated carbon were researched,respectively,in order to explain how to prepare decanoic acid/porous activated carbon function materi al with microwave oven method.Meanwhile,moisture property,thermal propert y and absorption property of this function material were tested by dynamic was used to vapor sorption,diffe rential scanning calorimeter and environmental test chamber.The results show t hat the decanoic acid/porous activated carbon function material has developed po re structure and complex network composition,which adsorb the decanoic acid an d formaldehyde molecules.Besides,the pore surface has some hydrophilic funct ional groups,which can adsorb the water molecules.The decanoic acid/porous a ctivated carbon function material has good moisture property,thermal property and absorption property.Experiments suggest that the equilibrium moisture cont ent can reach 0.063 1~0.257 g·g-1 in the relative humidity ranges from 40% to 60%.While the phase transition temperature reaches 27.42~33.96 ℃,t he phase change enthalpy is 52.14~52.67 J·g-1.Besides,the adsorptio n efficiency of formaldehyde gas can reach 50.57% after 4 h.