基于芯片实验室技术的表面增强光谱学在分析科学中的应用

集成具有一序列微流控操作单元的芯片实验室技术，在微流控通道内铺陈金属纳米粒子(尤其是金、银以及铜纳米粒子)作为衬底，泵入多通道微纳升分析物，用于联用表面增强光谱在痕量、实时、原位、过程反应等检测中具有重要的意义。这种联用检测技术集成了芯片实验室和表面光谱两种技术的优点：芯片实验室技术集成流程式分步操作，实现筛选取样，分段、实时反应检测，减小样品量，稳定测试环境等优势以及表面增强光谱的光谱响应快，灵敏性和选择性强、原位检测等优点。借助于Drude模型以及适当的边界条件，外电场引发金属颗粒价电子的局域等离子振荡，并推导了产生共振的局域表面等离子增强以及受激感应偶极子振荡产生表面拉曼增强的物理电磁增强机制。综述了芯片实验室表面局域等离子检测在生物、医药、食品安全等方面的应用，检测通道的增加促使检测效率有较大的提高，同时检测限能力获得较大的突破。综述了芯片实验室技术结合表面增强拉曼光谱公共安全、生物医学、电化学和生物传感器等领域的应用, 表面增强拉曼光谱的高度灵敏性以及指纹性应用于痕量检测。根据芯片实验室技术在研究开发和应用已经获得不断的进展，结合3D打印技术，精准控制多通道结构尺寸，更好地满足设计的需求。表面等离子增强光谱以及表面增强拉曼光谱等表面光谱检测技术在应用上日趋成熟，获得突破传统显微镜的光学极限的分辨能力。这种联用技术在实际定性或者半定量痕量分析检测应用中具有光明的前景。

Surface Enhanced Spectroscopy Based on Lab-on-a-Chip Technology and Its Applications in Analytical Science

In integrating lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technologi es facilitated with a series of microfluidic units,microfluidic channels,with substrates put into metal nanoparticles,especially when gold,silver or copper nanoparticles,were prepared and pumped into μl or nl analytes.This sample pre paration methods have important significance in real time,in-situ trace-or p rocessing reaction analysis jointing with surface enhanced spectroscopies (SES).This combined technologies would integrate the mertis of the two technologies of lab-on-a-chip LOC and SES.LOC has the advantages of minuming the amount of analytes and stable test environments for step by step processing operations to achieve screening samples,segmentating,real-time detecting and so on,whiel S ES has the characteristics of fast spectral response,high sensitivemess and sel ectivness,andin-situ detectoring.On the base of Drude medol and appropriate boundary conditions,external electric field induces localizing plasmon oscillat ion of valence electron of metal nano particles,then which derivates the mechan nisms of resonant localized suface plasmon enhancement and electromagnetic enhan cement mechanism of the surface enhanced Raman scattering by dipole polarization.In this paper,combined LOC and localized surface plasmon resonance technologi esanalysed in biological,pharmaceutical and food safety fileds with additiona l channels prompting detecting efficiencies and the limits of trace detections f urther being broken out.This paper also summarizes the application of chip labo ratory technology in the fields of public safety testing,biomedical medicine de tecting,electrochemical or biological sensors with surface enhanced Raman spect roscopieswhich were capable of high sensitivitiness and molecular spectral finge rprint.LOC technologies have gotten great develoment in their respective fileds,especially combinningwith 3D fingerprint technologies,which could precisely control the sizes of 3D structures and high-accuracy manufacture 3D structures according to the special purpose.LSPR and SERS have been more maturing in some applications of near filed imaging and Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopies (TERS),which have the ability to break through the optical limit of conventional micr oscopes and do that the width and depth of the SES technologies have been greatl y extended in the micro and nano scales.So The jointed technologies would have a bright prospects in the practical applications for the qualitative and semi qu antitative determination of trace analysis.