基于高光谱技术的农作物常见病害监测研究

农作物病害是制约产量的重要因素之一，目前农作物病害的早期监测主要依靠植保人员田间取样判断危害等级的传统方式，存在主观性强、效率低、滞后性等弊端，也有些病害采用提前施药来进行预防，但此方法有农药过量的风险，从而影响到水稻生长的生态环境。近年来随着信息技术的快速发展，高光谱技术以数据量丰富、灵敏、可靠的特点迅速应用于农业生产中，成为主要检测农作物病害的有效技术手段之一。文章阐述了植物在病害胁迫下光谱响应机制，从粮食作物、经济作物、蔬菜作物、果类和其他农作物五个方面梳理和总结了近七年国内外高光谱技术在农作物病害的研究进展，在此基础上提出目前该技术在农作物监测应用领域的不足以及对未来的展望。为农作物的病害监测提供参考。

Study on Monitoring of Common Diseases of Crops Based on Hyperspectral Technology

Crop disease is one of the important factors for yield. The early monitoring of crop diseases mainly rely on traditional methods of judging disease classes of plant protection, with strong subjectivity, low efficiency, delay and other defects, and crop-dust is also carried out to prevent plant diseases in advance. However, this method has the risk of excessive pesticide, which affects the ecological environment of rice growth. In recent years, with the rapid development of information technology, hyperspectral image technology has been applied in agricultural production with huge data, sensitive and reliable . It has become an effective method to detect crop diseases. This paper describes the spectral response mechanism under the plant disease stress, from 5 aspects of food crops, cash crops, vegetable crops, fruits and other crops, and summarizes the progress of hyperspectral image technology in the study of plant diseases in recent 7 years at home and abroad. On this basis, this paper puts forward the deficiencies of the technology in the field and the prospect for the future, also, provide a reference in the crop disease monitoring.