微波辐照对胶原蛋白三股螺旋结构的影响

胶原蛋白的三股螺旋结构是其不同于其他蛋白质的特殊结构，也是其具有特殊功能的基础，然而，胶原的三股螺旋结构易在外界条件的影响下被破坏。目前微波已被越来越多的应用于胶原蛋白的提取和改性过程，但是关于微波辐照对胶原蛋白结构影响的研究还相对较少。首先从牛跟腱中提取胶原蛋白，然后采用0.5 mg·mL-1的胶原蛋白溶液在30 ℃下以微波辐照保温为实验样，水浴加热和未经加热处理为对比样，最后采用紫外-可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、圆二色谱以及荧光发射光谱等方法，对不同加热方法中胶原蛋白的三股螺旋结构和超分子结构进行表征，研究了微波辐照对胶原蛋白结构的影响。实验结果表明，在低于胶原变性温度的条件下，无论是微波辐照还是水浴加热都不会破坏胶原蛋白的三股螺旋结构，也不会使胶原蛋白变性。但是，与水浴加热相比，微波辐照会对胶原蛋白的聚集行为产生抑制作用。微波辐照对胶原蛋白的作用既有与常规加热相同的热效应，又有常规加热过程中不存在的非热效应，非热效应表现为抑制胶原蛋白的聚集行为。研究结果可为微波场中胶原蛋白结构和性质的变化提供科学依据。

Influence of Microwave Irradiation on Collagen Triple Helix Structure

Collagen has a unique triple helix structure, which is quite different from that of other proteins and a basis of its special effects. However, collagen triple helix structure is sensitive to environment and easy to be damaged. Recently, microwave has been used more frequently in collagen extraction and modification processes, however, there is few research of microwave irradiation on collagen structure. In this study, collagen was extracted from cattle tendon at first; then 0.5 mg·mL-1 collagen solution was irradiated with microwave at 30 ℃ as an experiment sample, at the same time, collagen with water bath heating and without heating as controls; finally, the Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy, and Flourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy, Circular Dichroism and Fluorescent Spectroscopy were used to characterize the changes of collagen triple helix and supermolecular structure under microwave. It was an innovative study of the influence of microwave irradiation on collagen structure. The result showed that water bath heating and microwave could neither destroy the triple helix structure nor make collagen denaturing below the denaturizing temperature. However, microwave had a negative effect on collagen aggregation compared with water heating. In the interaction between microwave irradiation and collagen, there are both thermal effect same as traditional heating and non-thermal effect representing as negative effect on collagen aggregation. This research would provide a scientific basis of collagen structures and properties under microwave irradiation.