太阳光谱辐射计的信号传递与性能表征模型研究

太阳光谱辐射计作为一种专用光谱辐射测量仪器，对于其宽谱段和大动态范围的测量特点，准确完整地表征分光性能是十分重要的。研究内容旨在为太阳光谱辐射计的研制与验证提供明确的理论依据和测试方法，给出清晰而准确的机理模型和指标模型对光谱仪器系统的设计和评估提供指导。因此，重点阐述了光谱仪器系统的信号传递模型到性能指标模型的推导和建立过程。线谱扩展函数这种串联卷积模型能够综合反映仪器的各个元件对系统的影响，而且很容易通过窄带线谱光源测试而得到，并且线谱扩展函数矩阵能够清晰完整地给出光谱仪器的分光性能细节特性。而在线谱扩展函数的基础上再进一步提取关键几何特征，通过简单的算法定义即可得到半高全宽(FWHM)，带外抑制和带外辐射这三项示性函数指标，可以很好地对分光系统的性能进行定量表征，是十分有效的光谱仪器系统性能评估的指标模型。

Signal Transfer and Characterization Model of Solar Spectroradiometer

Solar spectroradiometer, as a special instrument for measuring solar spectral radiation, accurate and complete characterization of whose spectral properties is very important for the wide spectral range and the large dynamic range of solar radiation. The purpose of this paper is to provide explicit theory evidence and test method for the development and validation of solar spectroradiometer, and also to give clear and accurate mechanism models and characteristic indicator models for design and evaluation of the spectroradiometer system. Therefore, this paper focuses on the derivation and modeling process from signal transfer model to performance indicator model of spectroradiometer system. Spectral line spread function model, which is a convolution of series kernel functions, could synthetically indicate the influence of each component of the instrument on the system, and it’s easy to obtain by measuring a narrow band spectral line light source, and spectral line spread function matrix can clearly and completely show the instrument characteristics in details of the spectroradiometer. On the basis of spectral line spread function, the key geometric features are extracted further. Defined by simple algorithms, three characteristic indicators such as the full width at half maximum (FWHM), out-of-band rejection and out-of-band radiation are obtained. They can be used to quantitatively characterize the performance of the instrument for spectrometry, and are very effective characteristic indicator models for evaluating the performance of spectroradiometer system.