基于荧光光谱分析的农药残留检测研究进展

在农业生产中施用农药可提高农产品的产量，然而农药的过量使用也威胁着我国农产品的质量安全，因此对农产品的农药残留进行快速有效的检测成为农业生产大环境下的迫切要求。荧光光谱分析技术具有突出的高灵敏度以及有利的时间标度，对多组分农药残留检测具有良好的分辨能力，与气相色谱法、液相色谱法、气-质联用法等农药残留检测方法相比具备前处理简单、检测速度快等优点，在复杂的农药残留检测环境中有较大的优势。介绍了基于荧光光谱分析技术的农药残留快速检测方法，概述了传统的荧光光谱分析方法在农药残留检测上的应用，以及荧光光谱分析结合同步-导数法、三维荧光光谱、人工神经网络，生物传感器，金属纳米材料等方法与技术用于农药残留检测的研究发展现状，分析了基于荧光光谱分析的农药残留检测现阶段仍存在的局限与挑战，以及未来发展趋势。荧光光谱分析技术在农药残留检测上的普遍推广及应用需通过荧光检测仪器不断朝集成化、模块化发展来实现，使得检测更快捷高效。

Research Progress of Pesticide Residue Detection Based on Fluorescence Spectrum Analysis

The application of many pesticides in agricultural production has increased the output of agricultural products. However, the excessive use of pesticides also threatens the food safety of agricultural products in China. Therefore, rapid and effective detection of pesticide residues in agricultural products has become an urgent requirement in the environment of agricultural production. Fluorescence spectrum analysis technology has presented outstanding high sensitivity and favorable time scale, and good resolving power for multi-component pesticide residue detection. Compared with pesticide residue detection methods such as gas chromatography, liquid chromatography and gas-mass spectrometry, fluorescence spectrum analysis technology has advantages of simple pretreatment and fast detection speed. Therefore, fluorescence spectroscopy detection technology has been well utilized in the complex pesticide residue detection environment. This article mainly introduces the rapid detection method of pesticide residues based on fluorescence spectrum analysis technology and summarizes the application of traditional fluorescence spectrum analysis methods in pesticide residue detection, as well as the combination of synchronization, derivative method, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy, neural network, biosensor, metal nanomaterials. Finally, the limitations and challenges of pesticide residue detection based on fluorescence spectroscopy were analyzed. The wider application of fluorescence spectrum analysis technology in pesticide residue detection needs to be realized through the continuous development of fluorescence detection instruments towards integration and modularization, so that the detection is faster and more efficient.