光谱分析技术在蝗虫监测中的应用

蝗虫监测技术的研究对保护生态环境和减少经济损失具有重要意义。但长期以来缺乏准确、有效的方法。文章介绍了蝗虫测报技术的发展和蝗虫生境监测的重要性,阐述了光谱技术在蝗虫预测方面的发展概况以及常用算法。遥感可对蝗虫栖息、生长、繁殖的生境进行监测,结合地理信息系统(GIS)可建立测报模型。利用高光谱遥感可以更为准确地监测蝗虫灾害,有利于量度蝗虫危害程度和划分发生区域,同时可监测蝗虫群落的空间分布动态。近红外技术可以判别蝗虫的种类,还可通过土壤水分和养分的测定来监测蝗虫的产卵地,对局部抽样调查和观测蝗虫非常有利。光谱分析技术作为一种快速、有效的监测和预测蝗虫发生的工具,由于其在空间定位、信息获取、信息处理等方面的优势,必将成为这一领域重要的研究手段。文章还对今后的研究方向进行了展望。

Applications of Spectral Analysis Technique to Monitoring Grasshoppers

Grasshopper monitoring is of great significance in protecting environment and reducing economic loss.However,how to predict grasshoppers accurately and effectively is a difficult problem for a long time.In the present paper,the importance of forecasting grasshoppers and its habitat is expounded,and the development in monitoring grasshopper populations and the common arithmetic of spectral analysis technique are illustrated.Meanwhile,the traditional methods are compared with the spectral technology.Remote sensing has been applied in monitoring the living,growing and breeding habitats of grasshopper population,and can be used to develop a forecast model combined with GIS. The NDVI values can be analyzed throughout the remote sensing data and be used in grasshopper forecasting.Hyper-spectra remote sensing technique which can be used to monitor grasshoppers more exactly has advantages in measuring the damage degree and classifying damage areas of grasshoppers,so it can be adopted to monitor the spatial distribution dynamic of rangeland grasshopper population.Differentialsmoothing can be used to reflect the relations between the characteristic parameters of hyper-spectra and leaf area index(LAI),and indicate the intensity of grasshopper damage.The technology of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy has been employed in judging grasshopper species,examining species occurrences and monitoring hatching places by measuring humidity and nutrient of soil, and can be used to investigate and observe grasshoppers in sample research.According to this paper,it is concluded that the spectral analysis technique could be used as a quick and exact tool in monitoring and forecasting the infestation of grasshoppers,and will become an important means in such kind of research for their advantages in determining spatial orientation,information extracting and processing.With the rapid development of spectral analysis methodology,the goal of sustainable monitoring grasshoppers can be developed in the future.First,it is needed to find the relationship between the grasshopper and its environment.Second,the new spectral technology including thermal infrared,microwave,UV detection,and laser technique will be widely practiced in grasshopper monitoring.Finally,it is obvious that the integration of all methods will drive the research into a bright direction of synthetically monitoring grasshoppers.Such approaches will greatly decrease the likelihood of grasshopper outbreaks.