近红外光谱分析仪器的发展概况

近红外光谱分析技术被誉为分析化学领域的“巨人”， 已成为发展最快、最引人注目的光谱分析技术之一。在国外，定性、定量分析所使用的近红外光谱分析仪器已走过了50年的发展历程，并且在不断完善的过程当中；我国的近红外光谱仪器的研制仅仅历经20年的时间，虽然处在起步阶段，但近几年的研究成果还是十分显著的。随着科技的进步，高性能的近红外光谱分析仪器层出不穷。文章就近红外光谱分析仪器从诞生至今的发展史及包括滤光片型、傅里叶变换型、声光可调滤光型等类型在内的五种近红外光谱分析仪的工作原理、特点作了较为详细的评述，并列举了当今国内外主要的近红外光谱分析仪制造商的主流产品。最后，作者展望了近红外光谱分析仪器的发展前景。

Survey of the Development of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Instruments

The technology of near-infrared spectroscopic analysis goes by the name of "superman" in the field of analytical chemistry.It is one of the most attention-attracting spectroscopic analysis technologies,and is developing rapidly nowadays.The first near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)instrument in the world is fifty years old.Although the authors only have a history of twenty years in NIRS instrument manufacturing,the achievements are exciting.The NIRS instruments are developing and emerging endlessly with the advancement of science.Firstly,the survey of the development of NIRS instruments is described in the present article.Secondly,the principles and the characteristics of five types of NIRS instruments are discussed,including interference filters,Fourier transform,acousto-optic tunable filter,and so on.In addition,the primary producers and their popular products are enumerated in the table.Finally,the direction of NIRS instrument development is viewed.