量子点的荧光特性在生物探针方面的应用

量子点具有传统有机荧光染料无可比拟的光学魅力，在生物医学及材料领域已引起广泛的兴趣，许多科学工作者在量子点用于生物学领域方面已经取得一定进展。目前，量子点最有前途的应用领域是在生物体系中作为荧光标记物。通过观察量子点标记分子与靶分子相互作用的部位，及其在活细胞内的运行轨迹，可能为信号传递的分子机制提供线索，从而为阐明细胞生长发育的调控及癌变规律提供直观依据。文章介绍了量子点研究生物大分子之间的相互作用、生物大分子荧光标记、细胞及生物组织的荧光标记与成像以及活体成像等方面的应用。并概述了纳米量子点作为生物荧光探针的应用前景以及亟待解决的问题。

Applications of Quantum Dots to Biological Probes

Quantum dots(QDs) have shown unique optical properties compared with traditional organic dyes.Now,more and more attention has been paid to them,especially in the fields of biological medicine and materials.Much work about QDs application in biology has been done by many researchers.In resent years,QDs have been widely used as biological probes.By observing the conjugation site between QDs and target molecules or tracking the movement of QDs in live cells,some information about transferring signals mechanism may be obtained,therefore,offering apparent evidence for controlling cell's growth and finding the factors in the deterioration of cancer.In the present paper,interactions among macro molecules are introduced with fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET),fluorescent labeling of biological macro molecules,labeling and imaging of cells and tissues,and imaging in vivo.Furthermore,some developments and problems in application are summarized.Thirty seven references are cited.