反刍动物源肉骨粉的近红外漫反射光谱判别分析

为了探讨利用近红外漫反射光谱判别分析技术快速鉴别非反刍动物源肉骨粉中是否掺有反刍动物源肉骨粉的可行性,收集了来源于国内不同地区的不同种类的肉骨粉样本39个,其中猪、鸡肉骨粉各15个,牛肉骨粉5个和羊肉骨粉4个。通过在非反刍动物源猪或鸡肉骨粉中人为掺入0%～48%的反刍类动物源牛或羊肉骨粉,制备了252个肉骨粉的样本。利用FOSS6500型近红外光谱仪获取样本光谱,WINISI软件随机选取180个样本作为校正集,72个样本作为独立的验证集。采用基于偏最小二乘回归法(PLS)的判别分析技术,建立了判别分析模型,利用独立的验证集对判别分析模型进行了验证,最优判别分析模型正确判别率为90%。结果表明所建立的判别分析模型可以对非反刍动物源肉骨粉中含有的反刍动物成分进行快速鉴别,但对反刍动物成分含量低于2%的肉骨粉样本,模型的判别精度还有待提高。文章结果为反刍动物源性肉骨粉的鉴别分析提供了一种有效的快速筛选方法。

Discriminant Analysis of Near Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectra to Detect Adulteration of Non-Ruminant Meat and Bone Meal

In order to study the feasibility of using near infrared(NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to discriminate adulteration of non-ruminant meat and bone meal(MBM) with ruminant MBM,a total of 39 MBM samples made up of 15 from pig,15 from poultry,5 from cattle and 4 from sheep produced in different areas in China were chosen.The MBM samples were ground with 0.5 mm sieve.252 specimens were prepared by non-ruminant MBM deliberately adulterated with different proportion of ruminant MBM.The specimens were scanned by FOSS NIRSystemTM 6500.A calibration set of 180 specimens and an independent validation set of 72 specimens were randomly selected by the WINISI software.Discriminant analysis model was developed by partial least squares(PLS) on the calibration set and validated with independent validation set.The best discriminant model was obtained using standard normal variate and detrend(SNVD) and second derivative for spectrum pretreatment;this model had a coefficient of determination(R2CV) of 0.83 and a standard error of cross-validation(SECV) of 0.147 1.For the independent validation set,the correct classification rate is 90%.There were a false negative specimen(0.5%) and two uncertain specimens(1%,1.5%) in validation set.Results showed that it is feasible to use NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to discriminate adulteration of non-ruminant MBM with ruminant MBM,but for specimens adulterated with ruminant MBM at less than 2%,the accuracy of calibration model needs to be improved.NIR was a rapid and non-destructive approach to discriminating adulteration of non-ruminant MBM with ruminant MBM.