添加不同比例玉米秸秆对猪粪高温堆肥过程中胡敏酸的结构组成及红外光谱特性影响分析

以猪粪和玉米秸秆为原料高温堆肥，试验设置三个不同处理：C/N 15，C/N 25，C/N 35。堆肥周期为120天，其中通风周期为30天，采用强制连续式通风。在第0，22，30，60，90，120天取样，利用元素分析和红外光谱法研究不同木质素添加量对堆肥胡敏酸(HA)的组分及分子结构的影响。研究表明堆肥胡敏酸C的变化主要集中在堆肥前30 d，堆肥结束后，堆肥HA中O/C增大，H/C减小，N含量增加。不同处理之间低碳氮比(15)和高碳氮比(35)堆肥HA氧化程度要高于中碳氮比(25)。红外光谱吸收峰分析表明，不同木质素添加量处理堆肥过程中胡敏酸的红外光谱基本相似，但各峰吸收强度不同。研究表明堆肥腐熟化阶段更有利于堆肥HA中芳香性的增强。堆肥结束后，碳氮比15堆肥HA中多糖、脂肪类成分减少，芳香结构成分增加，相比较碳氮比25和35，碳氮比15堆肥HA腐殖化程度更高，结构更稳定。

Analysis on the Impact of Composting with Different Proportions of Corn Stalks and Pig Manure on Humic Acid Fractions and IR Spectral Feature

Using pig manure and corn straw as raw materials for high-temperature composting，setting three different treatments: C/N 15, C/N 25, and C/N 35. Composting period is 120 days, which contains 30 days for ventilation cycle by forced continuous ventilation. Sampled on 0, 22, 30, 60, 90, 120th days, they were analyzed by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy to study effect of different lignin content on compost humic acid (HA) composition and molecular structure. The results showed that the change in composting humic acid C focused on the first 30 days, while after composting, the O/C of compost HA increased, H/C decreased, and N content increased. Low C/N (15) and higher C/N ratio (35) had higher degree of oxidation than the C/N 25 in compost HA. FTIR indicated that the infrared spectrum shapes with different lignin content treatment are similar during the composting process, but the peak intensity is obviously different. Research results proved that the composting stage is more conducive to enhanced aromatic in compost HA. After composting, C/N 15 had less polysaccharide and fat ingredients and more aromatic structural components in compost HA, compared with C/N 25 and 35. In addition, compost HA of C/N 15 had higher degree of humification and its structure was more stable.